今日講義:国际编目原则声明

  總原則(中英皆背

2.1. 用户的便利性。在对著录以及用以检索的名称的受控形式作出抉择时应该考虑到用户。
2.2. 通用性。在著录与检索中使用的词汇应与大多数用户所用的词汇相一致。
2.3. 表达性。著录以及名称的受控形式应按实体描述其本身的方式来确定。
2.4. 准确性。应如实描述被著录的实体。
2.5. 充分性与必备性。只应包含那些在著录以及用以检索的名称的受控形式中对完成用户任务所必需
的，以及对唯一识别某一实体所必不可缺的数据单元。
2.6. 有意义。数据单元应具有目录学意义。
2.7. 经济性。当达到某一目标存在多种途径时，应选择整体经济性昀佳的途径（即费用昀少或方法昀
简单）
2.8. 一致性与标准化。应尽可能实现著录与确立检索点工作的标准化。这样能够取得更大的一致性，
从而提高共享书目数据与规范数据的能力。
2.9. 集成化。各类文献的著录以及各类实体名称的受控形式应在适用范围内基于一套共同的规则。

编目规则中的规定应具备可论证性而非随意性。人们认识到，有时这些原则在特殊情况下可能会互相矛盾，应当采取可论证的、实用的解决方法。

2. General Principles
Several principles direct the construction of cataloguing codes.4 The highest is the convenience
of the user.5
2.1. Convenience of the user. Decisions taken in the making of descriptions and controlled
forms of names for access should be made with the user in mind.
2.2. Common usage. Vocabulary used in descriptions and access should be in accord with that
of the majority of users.
2.3. Representation. Descriptions and controlled forms of names should be based on the way
an entity describes itself.
2.4. Accuracy. The entity described should be faithfully portrayed.
2.5. Sufficiency and necessity. Only those data elements in descriptions and controlled forms
of names for access that are required to fulfil user tasks and are essential to uniquely
identify an entity should be included.
2.6. Significance. Data elements should be bibliographically significant.
2.7. Economy. When alternative ways exist to achieve a goal, preference should be given to
the way that best furthers overall economy (i.e., the least cost or the simplest approach).
2.8. Consistency and standardization. Descriptions and construction of access points should be
standardized as far as possible. This enables greater consistency, which in turn increases
the ability to share bibliographic and authority data.
2.9. Integration. The descriptions for all types of materials and controlled forms of names of all
types of entities should be based on a common set of rules, insofar as it is relevant.
The rules in a cataloguing code should be defensible and not arbitrary. It is recognized that
these principles may contradict each other in specific situations and a defensible, practical
solution should be taken.

3.1. 实体（Entities）
以下实体可由书目数据和规范数据所体现：
作品（work）
内容表达（expression）
载体表现（manifestation）
单件（item）7
个人（person）
家族（family）
团体（corporate body）8
概念（concept）
实物（object）
事件（event）

哈利波特 混血王子的背叛(電影)   BY輔大圖書館